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HOW CAN I GET FROGS AND TOADS IN MY GARDEN?
You need a pond. It doesn’t have to be a big
one. Even a small one will be a valuable resource for frogs and toads.
It should have areas with sloping sides so that the frogs can climb out,
when they grow out of being tadpoles. Also it needs plenty of places for
them to hide. If it dries out in high summer, that doesn’t matter that
much. The pond is needed for frogspawn in spring.
In most places frogs or toads will turn up. Don't take spawn from the
wild and put it in your pond. There are now two frog diseases and you
might be spreading it. However if you are putting a pond in a completely
walled garden, or if no amphibians have turned up after 2 or 3 years, consult your local wildlife trust. They may be able to help if they know that a pond is being built over.
Read on for more details.... |

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Don't put goldfish or koi or any kind of fish in the pond. They will
eat the tadpoles. Don’t be in a hurry to put in water plants because
you need to make sure you are putting in native plants. People with
ponds will offer you plants. Check first. Garden centres are not reliable
sources of information. They sell foreign plants and often claim they
are native.
BAD PLANTS: Most garden centres sell invasive ones like lCanadian waterweed
(Elodea Canadensis) or Esthwaite waterweed (Elodea nuttali). Other plants
to avoid are water fern (Azolla filiculoides), Water primrose (Ludwigia
granfiflora) New Zealand pigymy weed (Crassula helmsii), parrot’s feather
(Myriphyllum aquaticum),and Curly waterweed (Lagarosiphon major). If
these get into your pond, take every single little bit out by hand and
warn the garden centre about them. Do not put them down a drain or in
the rubbish. Burn them or bury them. They are dangerous invaders.
Duckweed is invasive too and often comes along with bought plants like
water lilies. It is worth picking out every single bit of it (should
you get any) just because a pond looks better without it. Check what
kind you have. The worst is the least duckweed (Lemna minuta), an alien
species. But there are three kinds of rare duckweed which are interesting
– rootless duckweed (Wolffia arrhiza), fat duckweed (lemna gibba) or
great duckweed (Spirodela polyrrhiza). If you’ve got these kinds, tell
your local wildlife trust. But you are most likely just to have common
duckweed (Lemna minor).
GOOD PLANTS are hornwort or Ceratophyllum Demersum, water milfoil or
Myriophyllum spicatum and similar, any of the native pondweeds. There’s
also an underwater crowfoot, Rananculus aaquatili.
Margin plants which are useful incude water mint, water forget-me-not,
articulated rush, common spike rush, watercress, fool’s watercress (don’t
eat it!), marsh pennywort, marsh marigold, purple loosestrife, marsh
woundwort, sedges like carex pendula, ivy-leaved crowfoot, and ragged
robin. Bulrushes are too large and invasive for garden ponds. Yellow
iris is also invasive but they look so great it may be worth planting
them and cutting them back each year. Water lilies are difficult to
resist even in small ponds - the fringed water lily, Mymphoides peltata
is good for small ponds. Larger lilies like Mymphaea alba or Nuphar
lutea get pretty huge. But it would be better to have amphibious bistort
(Pericaria amphibia) or broadleaved pondweed (Pogamogeton natans). The
ideal pond should have some areas of clear water. So if you’ve planted
water lilies, cut them back each year.
Blanket weed of filamentous algae looks bad but is quite good for pond
animals. It usually results from pollution – fertiliser run-off form
agricultural land, tap water, ducks, food for ducks etc. Water quality
can be improved by barley straw in nets, sold by garden centres. Fallen
branches, particularly willow, also reduce algae.
The surroundings of the pond matter too. Long grass should be directly
around the pond for the new tiny frogs and toads to hide in. Let the
grass to grow right into the pond covering the sides. (This will protect
the rubber liner). Toads and frogs need places to hibernate so think
about building a log pile or a stone pile near the ponds.
Finally, if your pond dries out in high summer, don’t worry. Frogs and
toads don’t need it then! |